Ethical Approval

The Journal of Psychology: Research & Practice (JPRP) follows the ethical standards set by the American Psychological Association (APA), and best practices established by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE; https://publicationethics.org/).

• Research involving human participants must comply with the Declaration of Helsinki (1975, revised 2013) and applicable institutional and national regulations. Authors must confirm that ethical approval was obtained from a recognized ethics committee or institutional review board. The ethical statement must include the name of the approving body, approval date, and project identification code, reported in the Methods section.
• Informed consent must be obtained from all participants prior to participation. Participant anonymity must be protected, and identifying information should only be included when scientifically necessary and with explicit written consent. Studies exempt from ethical approval must clearly justify the exemption within the manuscript.
• Research involving animals must adhere to APA guidelines, national legislation, and the principles of Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement (3Rs). Ethical approval details must be stated in the manuscript.
• If a study has not been approved by the ethical committee before commencing the research, a retrospective ethical approval can’t be obtained, and thus, it will not be possible to consider the article for peer review, and the decision on whether to proceed to peer review lies at Editor’s discretion.
• The authors declare that there are no financial or non-financial conflicts of interest that could have influenced the conduct or reporting of this research, including honoraria, travel grants, employment, consultancies, equity interests, or relevant personal or professional relationships.
• The author must declare any relevant funding information that the research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.