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The Role of Novel Nanomaterials in Biomedical Applications
Samavia Siddique, Hifza Jamil
Abstract:
Nanotechnology is an innovative field of science that has revolutionized numerous biomedical applications, including drug delivery, gene transfer, disease diagnostics, imaging, theranostics, tissue engineering, biosensor development, and biocatalysis techniques. This field deals with small sized materials called nanomaterials, which can be metals, polymers, or semiconductors, having different properties that scientists use according to their requirements. They possess properties like high surface area, biocompatibility, and antioxidant capability and are also antimicrobial. These properties have enhanced their ability to diagnose the disease early, especially helping drug delivery to precise targets where they can release drugs only when specifically stimulated. Nanomaterials have improved the precision and efficacy of cancer treatments, imaging techniques, and regenerative medicine. Biosensors and biocatalysts utilizing nanomaterials have significantly enhanced the sensitivity and efficiency of diagnostics and industrial applications. Despite these advancements, challenges like toxicity, accumulation in biological systems, and environmental impacts still exist that raise concerns regarding biocompatibility and safety and need to be catered prior to large scale applications and marketing.
Keywords:
Nanotechnology, Theranostics, Nanomaterials, Biosensors, Biocompatibility
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