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Influence of Perceived Parenting Styles on the Self-Efficacy of Pakistani Young Adults
Tahira Anwar, Dr. Mahira Ahmed
Abstract:
The present study examines the relationship between perceived parenting styles and self-efficacy of young adults in Pakistan. Based on Baumrind’s framework of parenting styles, which includes authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting, and the self-efficacy theory proposed by Bandura. This study examines how different parental approaches affect a young adult's belief in their capability to handle the different challenges of life. The participants were asked to complete the Parenting Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE). Correlation analysis and descriptive statistics were used to determine the relationship between parenting styles and the self-efficacy of young adults in Pakistan. The results indicated that authoritative parenting style was positively correlated with greater self-efficacy (r = .89, p < .01), suggesting that warmth along with clear expectations increases competence and confidence. On the other hand, authoritarian (r = −.60, p < .01) and permissive (r = −.74, p < .01) parenting styles were found to have either negative or weak associations with self-efficacy. This study provides useful insights for counselors, families, educators, and other stakeholders in developing strategies to support the development of the young population in Pakistan.
Keywords:
Perceived parenting styles, self-efficacy, young adults
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